![]() ![]() Starting with the Syrian armed conflict, this paper aims to put forward innovative solutions, such as the “backchannel diplomacy”, to foster States and ANSAs’ collaboration. Secondly, it is also fundamental to consider International Human Rights Law since it does not apply in situations of internal strife or disturbance, where ANSAs also pose serious threats. To identify the main shortfalls of the relevant IHL norms, particularly the 1949 Geneva Conventions and their Additional Protocols, firstly its necessary to establish a clear and consistent definition of ANSAs, which is still lacking both in law and in theory. Thus, ANSAs demand the establishment of strategies for interacting with them as well as to consider the possibility to ‘adapt’ international law, especially International Humanitarian Law (IHL), in light of their role. ![]() ĪNSAs’ degree of dispersion, influence, and effect on international politics challenge the Westphalian notion of sovereignty and Max Weber’s definition of State as an entity that successfully ‘claims the monopoly over the legitimate use of force within a given territory’. Yet, despite the significant role ANSAs play in modern-day conflicts, they constitute an ‘anomaly’ in the current State-centric international legal system. Today, non-international armed conflicts involving the participation of Armed Non-State Actors (ANSAs) are of remarkable significance, especially when compared to inter-state armed conflicts. ![]()
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